Furthermore, it increases the risk of osteoporosis and fractures, especially in post-menopausal women,83 and its extended use has been associated with a potential increase in bladder cancer.84 In conclusion, although pioglitazone can be used for any degree of CKD, its adverse effects (oedema, heart failure, fractures, risk of bladder carcinoma) limit its indication in patients with the aforementioned disease
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WEDNESDAY, July 23, 2025 (HealthDay News) -- Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) are associated with reduced type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)-related dementia risk compared with metformin, according to a study published online July 22 in BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.Mingyang Sun, from the People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University in China, and colleagues conducted a retrospective cohort study using data from a global health research network between 2004 and 2024 to examine the comparative effectiveness of GLP-1 RAs and metformin in reducing dementia risk
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